PD-1 and CTLA-4: Two checkpoints, one pathway?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
CTLA-4 and PD-1 Pathways
The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoints are negative regulators of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of these targets, resulting in increased activation of the immune system, has led to new immunotherapies for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. Ipilimumab, an inhibitor of CTLA-4, is approved for the treatme...
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Checkpoint blocking antibodies targeting regulatory molecules on T cells such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 have reinvigorated the field of cancer immunotherapy. These agents have demonstrated clinical activity across a variety of tumor types. Now that safety and clinical activity has been demonstrated in the monotherapy setting, the field is moving in the direction of testing novel combinations.
متن کاملEfficacy and safety of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-1 combined with anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy to advanced melanoma
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, and anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab are being in clinic trials to treat melanoma. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of them against advanced melanoma. METHODS Eleven reports from 6 randomized control trials on treating metastatic melanoma, which were divided into 3 subgroups, nivolu...
متن کاملImmunologic checkpoints in cancer therapy: focus on the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor pathway
T-lymphocytes have the potential to recognize cancer antigens as foreign and therefore eliminate them. However, immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 and programmed cell death (PD)-1 receptor and its ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2) suppress the activity of T-lymphocytes. Advances in the understanding of immunology and its role in cancer have led to the development...
متن کاملTargeting immune checkpoints in unresectable metastatic cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of anti‐CTLA‐4 and anti‐PD‐1 agents trials
Anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have been shown to significantly improve survival in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. However, there was some heterogeneity as well as some variation in the degree of benefit across studies. We reviewed randomized trials and performed a meta-analysis to determine the efficacy...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science Immunology
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2470-9468
DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aan3864